George W. Bush appeared to have eked out an agonizingly close victory over Al Gore Tuesday in an election that gave voters a choice of four more years of Democratic rule or a Republican "fresh start." The candidates endured a long, seesaw night of vote-counting.

At midnight in the East, the race was still up for grabs.

Gore won big battlegrounds in Pennsylvania, Michigan and California while Bush claimed Texas, Ohio and a string of smaller states, including Gore’s Tennessee. Florida was pivotal and chaotic; news organizations said at one point that Gore was the winner, but the results were thrown into doubt as more votes were counted and Bush forged ahead.

Green Party candidate Ralph Nader was at 2 percent of the national vote, far short of the 5 percent he needed to capture federal matching funds for his party in 2004.

In Montezuma County, Bush had a much easier time, winning 6,156 votes (66 percent) to Gore’s 2.555 (27 percent). Nader captured 5.6 percent, with 530 votes.

Ever confident, Bush went out for dinner and awaited final returns. "I don’t believe some of these states that they called, like Florida," said the Texas governor. Regarding the vice president, Bush said, "I’ve run against a formidable opponent."

Bush’s victory could hardly have been narrower. At 4 a.m. EST, with 93 percent of the precincts nationwide reporting, the difference in the popular vote was just 189,000 votes.

The GOP sought to retain its fragile six-year hold on Congress and voters faced a full roster of propositions and state and local offices on the first general election day of the 21st Century. Democrats needed to pick up five seats in the House, eight in the Senate to guarantee control — an uphill task on both counts.

In New York, Hillary Rodham Clinton made history, becoming the nation’s first first lady to win a Senate seat. "You taught me, you tested me," Mrs. Clinton told her adopted New Yorkers. "I am determined to make a difference for all of you."

The presidential race — among the closest in a generation — foretold the end to Bill Clinton’s turbulent eight years in office.

The math was excruciating for both campaigns — both candidates were within reach of an electoral majority, and agonizing defeat. By 1 a.m. EST, Bush had won 30 states for 271 electoral votes of the needed 270. Gore had won 19 states plus the District of Columbia for 249. Florida offered a tantalizing 25 votes to its winner.

Senate Majority Leader Trent Lott said, "I’m used to counting the votes in the Senate and the House of Representatives, but I’m not used to counting votes in the electoral college."

As the anxiety mounted, Bush changed his plans to watch the returns with a large group of family and friends at a hotel. He opted instead for the seclusion of the governor’s mansion.

It was no less tense in Democratic quarters.

"It will be late and there will be lots of surprises," said Gore campaign chairman, William Daley.

No vote was overlooked. Party sources say Gore aides called for fresh troops for New Hampshire get out the vote operations. The Ted Kennedy campaign sent 250 or so volunteers — all that for four electoral votes.

Not that it mattered, but with votes tallied from 58 percent of the precincts, Bush had 30,944,072 votes and Gore had 30,329,011. Nader came in at 1,51,664 for 2 percent and Pat Buchanan barely registered.

Nader said he didn’t mind that his race caused electoral mischief. "You can’t spoil a system spoiled to the core," Nader said.

Interviews as voters left their polling places by Voter News Service said that a candidate’s position on issues was more influential than his personal qualities, and about one in five voters didn’t make up their minds until the last week. Many of those tipped toward Gore.

In Senate races, former Virginia Gov. George Allen ousted Sen. Charles Robb from the Senate, diminishing Democratic hopes to regain control. Republicans also picked up a Democrat seat in Nevada, while Democrats picked up GOP seats in Florida, Delaware and Minnesota.

In Missouri, Republican Sen. John Ashcroft faced late Gov. Mel Carnahan. Carnahan’s widow, Jean, said she would accept Gov. Roger Wilson’s offer of a Senate appointment if her husband tops the ballot.

Rep. Jim Rogan fought to hold his southern California seat in the costliest House race in history. Rogan was a leader in the House impeachment effort. At late-evening, Democats and Republicans had each picked up a seat.

There were hopes the showdown would inspire higher turnout, reversing the trend of recent elections. At a West Little Rock polling site, the line snaked through a church gymnasium and out into the parking lot. In Reisterstown, Md., attorney Paul Beckman said, "I’d walk a mile to vote."

The voting day poll indicated Bush fared well among those who cared most about world affairs and taxes. Voters who cared most about Medicare and prescription drugs, Social Security, health care and the economy tended to favor Gore. Both candidates were seen as good for schools, an issue that traditionally has favored Democrats.

Individual considerations had an impact: Voters who cared most about a candidate’s honesty favored Bush and those who wanted a president with experience mostly sided with Gore.

About one in four said reports that Bush had been arrested in 1976 for drunken driving was important to their vote. Nearly half of voters said Clinton "scandals" was an important reason for their choice.

But it was the race between the son of a former president and the son of a former senator that captured the attention of voters who had often ignored politics during recent years of relative peace and ongoing prosperity.